VIETNAMESE LANGUAGE for Vietnamese and Foreigners – Dialogue: GREETING – Section 5

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… continued for section 4:

Dialogue: GREETING

   David is a student he has just attended a Vietnamese class, he has not known somebody in the class. Nam is also a member of that class and when he saw David he actively makes David’s acquaintance.

Nam:    Xin chào! David:   Xin chào! Nam:    Mình là Nam. Bạn tên là gì? David:  Tên mình là David. Nam:    Rất hân hạnh được làm quen với bạn. David:  Rất vui được gặp bạn.

Nam:    Hello! David:  Hello! Nam:    I am Nam. What is your name? David:  My name is David. Nam:    Nice to meet you. David:  Glad to see you.

Greeting – New word

Greeting – Grammar

Personal Pronoun

    Vietnamese use terms denoting family relationships (kinship terms) when addressing each other (even when talking to whom they are not related). In fact, they are used as personal pronouns. The system is rather complicated and the choice of the correct expression depends on many factors such as sex, age, social status, the family relationship, the relationship between the speaker and the person he or she is addressing or the overall degree of intimacy between them.

    You may find it difficult to make sure which term should be used; thus, you need a little bit experience to get it right. The below list will help you understand more.

The first person

   The first person pronoun in Vietnamese is “tôi” which means “I” in English. It is the only personal pronoun that can be used in polite speech. Beside it, the first person can be “ta”, “tao” but they are only used in informal case, e.g. when talking with close friends.

The second person

    The below table shows you some personal addresses and their usage:

The third person

   It is simple that when adressing the third person, Vietnamese adds the word “ấy” after the personal pronoun.

Example:
Anh ấy, ông ấy             -> He.
Chị ấy, cô ấy, bà ấy     -> She.
Nó *                                ->  It.
* Nó: often refers to the things, animals but sometimes, “nó” can denote for a little child in informal case.

Plural personal pronoun

   For the first person, the word “chúng” is added before the personal address.
Example:
Tôi        -> Chúng tôi
Ta         -> chúng ta
Tớ          -> chúng tớ

    For the second person, we use the word “các” before the personal address.

Example:
Anh      -> các anh
Chị        -> các chị
Bác       -> các bác

   When addressing plural pronoun for the third person, the word “họ” is used. It refers to a group of people in general both male and female.

   The second way to form the plural personal pronoun for the third person is to add the word “ấy” after the second person pronoun.

Example:
Anh     -> các anh ấy
Chị      -> các chị ấy
Bác     -> các bác ấy

     The below table will show you general information:

Singular pronoun

Plural pronoun

 

 

    In addition, there are different pronouns for each kind of relative. For a listing of those pronouns, see family terms:

… continue in section 6 …

SEE MORE:
◊  VIETNAMESE LANGUAGE for Vietnamese and Foreigners – Introduction – Section 1
◊  VIETNAMESE LANGUAGE for Vietnamese and Foreigners – Vietnamese Alphabet – Section 2
◊  VIETNAMESE LANGUAGE for Vietnamese and Foreigners – Vietnamese Consonants – Section 3
◊  VIETNAMESE LANGUAGE for Vietnamese and Foreigners – Vietnamese Tones – Section 4
◊  VIETNAMESE LANGUAGE for Vietnamese and Foreigners – Vietnamese Consonants – Section 6

BAN TU THU
02 /2020

NOTE:
◊  Header image – Source:  Student Vietnam Exchange.
◊  Indexes, bold text, italic text in bracket and sepia image has been set by Ban Tu Thu – thanhdiavietnamhoc.com