The H’MONG Community of 54 Ethnic groups in Vietnam

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    The H’MONG have a population of more than 896,239 inhabitants living in concentration in the high mountainous regions of the provinces of Ha Giang¹, Tuyen Quang², Lao Cai³, Yen Bai⁴, Lai Chau⁵, Dien Bien⁶, Son La⁷, Cao Bang⁸, Thanh Hoa⁹ and Nghe An¹⁰. Recently, they have migrated to the Central Highlands and the eastern part of South Vietnam. They have several local subgroups: H’mong Trang (White H’mong), H’mong Hoa (Flower H’mong), H’mong Do (Red H’mong), H’mong Den (Black H’mong), H’mong Xanh (Blue H’mong). Their other names are Meo and Mieu. The H’MONG language belongs to the H’mong-Dao¹¹ group.

    Formerly, the H’MONG lived mainly on slash-and-bum cultivation. They grow rice and com. In some places, they also clear terraced fields. The staple food crops are com, rice and rye. They grow linen plants to supply fibres for doth weaving and medicinal plants. The H’MONG rea cattle, dogs, norses and chickens. In the past the H’MONG conceived that animal husbandry was undertaken by women and hunting in forests was of men’s charge. At present under the State’s assistance, the H’MONG have managed to develop wet-rice cultivation, planting of industrial crops, and husbandry for sale. Their life has been significantly improved. Their blacksmithing and cloth weaving are very well-known.

   The H’MONG make their traditional clothes from self-sufficient linen cloth. The traditional female attire comprises a skirt, a blouse open at the front rear and front aprons and leggings. The colorfully-embroidered blouseds collar is a piece of cloth falling on the shoulders. Their multi- folded skirt is elaborately sewn and decorated. Currently, many people purchase ready-to-wear clothes. It is general belief among the H’MONG that persons of the same lineage can give birth and die in each other’s house, and must help and support one another. Each lineage gathers in a group of habitation, its head assumes common affairs.

   Young H’MONG men and women are free to choose their partners. Marriages are absolutely forbidden between men and women of the same lineage. According to a practice called “haypu”, a boy and a girl who can not afford the marriage, can, under their parents’ agreement, arrange to meet each other at a place where the man takes the woman to his house to be his wife. Matrimonial life of the H’MONG is in harmony. Divorce is rate.

   Traditional three-day New Year Festival of the H’MONG is organized in every December. They refrain from eating vegetable during the occasion. Musical instruments comprise various kinds of pan-pipes and lip-zither. To enjoy spring and after a working day. young men and women often play pan-pipes and lip-zither to express their feelings and call for their partners.

SEE MORE:
◊  The COMMUNITY of 54 ETHNIC GROUPS in Vietnam – Section 1.
◊  The BA NA Community of 54 Ethnic groups in Vietnam.
◊  The BO Y Community of 54 Ethnic groups in Vietnam.
◊  The BRAU Community of 54 Ethnic groups in Vietnam.
◊  The BRU-VAN KIEU Community of 54 Ethnic groups in Vietnam.
◊  The CHO RO Community of 54 Ethnic groups in Vietnam.
◊  The CO HO Community of 54 Ethnic groups in Vietnam.
◊  The CONG Community of 54 Ethnic groups in Vietnam.
◊  The CHUT Community of 54 Ethnic groups in Vietnam.
◊  The CHU RU Community of 54 Ethnic groups in Vietnam.
◊  The CHAM Community of 54 Ethnic groups in Vietnam.
◊  The DAO Community of 54 Ethnic groups in Vietnam.
◊  The GIAY Community of 54 Ethnic groups in Vietnam.
◊  Vietnamese version (vi-VersiGoo): CONG DONG 54 Dan toc Viet Nam – Phan 1.
◊  Vietnamese version (vi-VersiGoo) with Web-Voice (Web-Audio):  Nguoi BA NA  trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
◊  Vietnamese version (vi-VersiGoo) with Web-Voice (Web-Audio):  Nguoi BO Y trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
◊  Vietnamese version (vi-VersiGoo) with Web-Voice (Web-Audio):  Nguoi BRAU trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
◊  Vietnamese version (vi-VersiGoo) with Web-Voice (Web-Audio):  Nguoi BRU-VAN KIEU  trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
◊  Vietnamese version (vi-VersiGoo) with Web-Voice (Web-Audio):  Nguoi CHO RO trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
◊  Vietnamese version (vi-VersiGoo) with Web-Voice (Web-Audio):  Nguoi CHAM trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
◊  Vietnamese version (vi-VersiGoo) with Web-Voice (Web-Audio):  Nguoi CHU RU trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
◊  Vietnamese version (vi-VersiGoo) with Web-Voice (Web-Audio):  Nguoi CHUT trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
◊  Vietnamese version (vi-VersiGoo) with Web-Voice (Web-Audio):  Nguoi CONG trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
◊  Vietnamese version (vi-VersiGoo) with Web-Voice (Web-Audio):  Nguoi DAO trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
◊  Vietnamese version (vi-VersiGoo) with Web-Voice (Web-Audio):  Nguoi GIAY trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
◊  Vietnamese version (vi-VersiGoo) with Web-Voice (Web-Audio):  Nguoi GIA RAI trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
◊  Vietnamese version (vi-VersiGoo) with Web-Voice (Web-Audio):  Nguoi HOA trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
◊  Vietnamese version (vi-VersiGoo) with Web-Voice (Web-Audio):  Nguoi KHANG trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
◊  Vietnamese version (vi-VersiGoo) with Web-Voice (Web-Audio):  Nguoi KHMER trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
◊  etc.

BAN TU THU
09 /2020

NOTES:
¹ : … updating…

NOTE:
◊  Source & Images:  54 Ethnic Groups in Vietnam, Thong Tan Publishers, 2008.
◊ All citations and italic textes has been set by Ban Tu Thu – thanhdiavietnamhoc.com