The HOA Community of 54 Ethnic groups in Vietnam
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The HOA, or called the Han have an 913,248 population. The subgroups of the HOA have certain differences in language, names and history of migration. The HOA live in all parts of Vietnam from north to south, both urban and rural regions. The HOA language belongs to the Han group.
The HOA practise many occupations including agriculture, handicrafts, trading, fishing, salt-making and work as workers, teachers and civil servants, etc. The HOA farmers have a long tradition and good experience of cultivating wet-rice and producing useful farming tools (ploughs rakes, sickles, hoes, spades). Many of their crafts are well-known for a longtime immemorial.
The HOA often concentrate in vilages, hamlets or streets, forming crowded residences. They have built houses with three compartments and two leans-to with thatched or tied roofs. The houses are made of wattles, clay, stones or bricks.
HOA men dress like the Nung, Giay, Mong and Dao. HOA women’s garments consist of a pair of trousers, a five-panelled vest which falls to mid-thigh and is buttoned under the right armpit. The HOA soccerers have their own ceremonial uniforms. Hats, conical hats and umbrellas are popularly used every day.
In a HOA family, the husband (the farther) is the master. The right of inheritance is reserved for sons only. The eldest son always takes the greater part of property. About 40-50 years ago, there were many extended families of 4-5 consecutive generations, with dozens of members each. Nowadays, the HOA live in smaller families. Parents decide the marriage of their children. The choice of husband or wife is often decided by the similarity of social and economic background between the two families.
According to custom, funeral must go through following rituals: informing mourning, weanng mourning clothes, laying the dead in the coffin, opening the road for the dead’s soul, burial, bringing the soul to the (country of the Buddha) and finally, going out of mourning.
The HOA believe in the existence of the souls and the spirits. The dead parents and grandparents are worshipped at nome. They are also profoundly Influenced by Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism. Every village has its own temples, pagodas and shrines.
The HOA like to sing “mountain songs” (shan ge) with many topics on love, life, native land and fighting spirit. The HOA opera Is a unique genre attractive to all the people. Musical instruments include trumpets, flutes, castanets, cymbals and string instruments such as two – or three-stringed violas, zithers and 36-stringed zithers. At festivals, the HOA frequently perform martial arts, lion dances, swinging, boat race, wrestling and chess.
SEE MORE:
◊ The COMMUNITY of 54 ETHNIC GROUPS in Vietnam – Section 1.
◊ The BA NA Community of 54 Ethnic groups in Vietnam.
◊ The BO Y Community of 54 Ethnic groups in Vietnam.
◊ The BRAU Community of 54 Ethnic groups in Vietnam.
◊ The BRU-VAN KIEU Community of 54 Ethnic groups in Vietnam.
◊ The CHO RO Community of 54 Ethnic groups in Vietnam.
◊ The CO HO Community of 54 Ethnic groups in Vietnam.
◊ The CONG Community of 54 Ethnic groups in Vietnam.
◊ The CHUT Community of 54 Ethnic groups in Vietnam.
◊ The CHU RU Community of 54 Ethnic groups in Vietnam.
◊ The CHAM Community of 54 Ethnic groups in Vietnam.
◊ The DAO Community of 54 Ethnic groups in Vietnam.
◊ The GIAY Community of 54 Ethnic groups in Vietnam.
◊ Vietnamese version (vi-VersiGoo): CONG DONG 54 Dan toc Viet Nam – Phan 1.
◊ Vietnamese version (vi-VersiGoo) with Web-Voice (Web-Audio): Nguoi BA NA trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
◊ Vietnamese version (vi-VersiGoo) with Web-Voice (Web-Audio): Nguoi BO Y trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
◊ Vietnamese version (vi-VersiGoo) with Web-Voice (Web-Audio): Nguoi BRAU trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
◊ Vietnamese version (vi-VersiGoo) with Web-Voice (Web-Audio): Nguoi BRU-VAN KIEU trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
◊ Vietnamese version (vi-VersiGoo) with Web-Voice (Web-Audio): Nguoi CHO RO trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
◊ Vietnamese version (vi-VersiGoo) with Web-Voice (Web-Audio): Nguoi CHAM trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
◊ Vietnamese version (vi-VersiGoo) with Web-Voice (Web-Audio): Nguoi CHU RU trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
◊ Vietnamese version (vi-VersiGoo) with Web-Voice (Web-Audio): Nguoi CHUT trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
◊ Vietnamese version (vi-VersiGoo) with Web-Voice (Web-Audio): Nguoi CONG trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
◊ Vietnamese version (vi-VersiGoo) with Web-Voice (Web-Audio): Nguoi DAO trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
◊ Vietnamese version (vi-VersiGoo) with Web-Voice (Web-Audio): Nguoi GIAY trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
◊ Vietnamese version (vi-VersiGoo) with Web-Voice (Web-Audio): Nguoi GIA RAI trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
◊ Vietnamese version (vi-VersiGoo) with Web-Voice (Web-Audio): Nguoi HOA trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
◊ etc.
BAN TU THU
07 /2020
NOTES:
1 : … updating…
NOTE:
◊ Source & Images: 54 Ethnic Groups in Vietnam, Thong Tan Publishers, 2008.
◊ All citations and italic textes has been set by Ban Tu Thu – thanhdiavietnamhoc.com